Studi Komparasi Efisiensi Termal Motor Bakar Bensin dan Diesel dengan Variasi Laju Aliran Bahan Bakar dan Beban Kerja

Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji; Muh Anhar

doi:10.52158/jamere.v6i2.1643

Penulis

Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji Universitas Mercu Buana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-4498
Muh Anhar Politeknik Negeri Ketapang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-6690

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52158/jamere.v6i2.1643

Kata Kunci:

motor bensin, motor diesel, efisiensi termal, laju aliran bahan bakar, beban kerja

Abstrak

Motor bakar masih menjadi sumber tenaga utama pada sektor transportasi dan industri kecil-menengah. Motor bensin (spark-ignition) dan motor diesel (compression-ignition) memiliki karakteristik efisiensi termal yang berbeda akibat perbedaan mekanisme pembakaran, rasio kompresi, dan sifat bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efisiensi termal motor bensin dan diesel melalui variasi laju aliran bahan bakar dan beban kerja guna menentukan kondisi operasi optimal serta kinerja efisiensi. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen kuantitatif pada engine test bench. Mesin bensin silinder tunggal dan mesin diesel silinder tunggal diuji dengan empat variasi laju aliran bahan bakar (0,8–2,2 kg/jam) dan beban kerja (25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% torsi maksimum). Parameter yang diamati meliputi efisiensi termal brake, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, dan suhu gas buang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efisiensi termal motor diesel berkisar antara 28,4% hingga 37,2% (rata-rata 33,1%), sedangkan motor bensin berkisar antara 22,1% hingga 29,5% (rata-rata 25,8%). Efisiensi tertinggi dicapai motor diesel pada laju aliran bahan bakar 1,5 kg/jam dan beban 75%. Variasi laju aliran bahan bakar dan beban kerja terbukti memengaruhi efisiensi termal secara signifikan, dengan motor diesel menunjukkan kinerja unggul pada kondisi beban sedang hingga tinggi. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan dalam optimalisasi konsumsi bahan bakar dan pengembangan mesin pembakaran dalam yang lebih efisien.

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