Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy
The Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy (JAMERE) at https://journal.isas.or.id/index.php/JAMERE) is a blind peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the publication of quality research results in the field of Mechanical Engineering and Technological Innovation. Articles published in the JAMERE Journal include original scientific research results (top priority), while for scientific review articles that are new (not top priority) and also comments that are critical of the results of scientific papers published by the JAMERE journal. All publications in the JAMERE journal are open access that allows articles to be freely available online without subscribing to anything.
Analysis of CCPRO Ink Viscosity Suitability Using a Digital Viscometer
Viscosity is an important parameter in CCPRO tinting because it affects ink flow, dosing stability, and the risk of nozzle clogging. This study aimed to analyze the conformity of CCPRO ink viscosity measured using a Digital Viscometer and to evaluate the effect of viscosity changes on ink flow performance. A quantitative experimental method was applied through observation, literature study, and direct testing. Three colourant inks were examined: HD Orange (HO), Transparent Yellow Oxide (TY), and Yellow (YE). Each sample was measured three times and the average value was calculated. The results showed average viscosities of 1200 cP for HO, 1230 cP for TY, and 1250 cP for YE. HO and TY were classified as conforming to the applicable company requirements, while YE was classified as non-conforming and required corrective control before use. Higher viscosity increases flow resistance and may reduce the smoothness of ink delivery through the nozzle. The Digital Viscometer produced consistent repeated measurements and is suitable for routine viscosity monitoring in CCPRO tinting.
Keywords: CCPRO ink, Digital Viscometer, viscosity, CCPRO tinting, quality control
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rizki, Manaseh, Siska Ayu Kartika, Budha Maryanti, Fransye Joni Pasau https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Perbandingan Korosi Pada Baja Karbon AISI 1018 Menggunakan Lapisan Cat Enamel Dan Cat Akrilik Dalam Larutan Nacl Dengan Konsentrasi 3,5%
Low-carbon steel AISI 1018 is widely used in various industrial applications, but it exhibits high susceptibility to corrosion, particularly in chloride-rich marine environments. This study aims to analyze and compare the corrosion resistance of AISI 1018 carbon steel coated with enamel paint and acrylic paint, as well as comparing them with uncoated (raw material) specimens. The experimental method applied was an immersion test in a 3.5% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) solution over varying exposure durations of 7, 14, 21, 28, and 31 days. Macroscopic visual observations were conducted to identify degradation mechanisms and corrosion product formation on the specimen surfaces. The results revealed that the uncoated specimens underwent uniform corrosion from the initial immersion period, forming a thick dark greyish-black iron oxide layer (Fe3O4). The acrylic paint coating suffered severe protection failure due to extensive underfilm corrosion, evidenced by orange-brown rust products (Fe2O3.H2O) covering the entire surface as a result of high paint porosity. In contrast, enamel paint demonstrated the most optimal physical protection performance, maintaining coating integrity on the main surface up to day 31, with degradation restricted to localized edge corrosion. Consequently, enamel paint is more recommended as a protective coating for AISI 1018 steel in chloride environments compared to acrylic paint.
AISI 1018, Acrylic Paint, Corrosion, Enamel Paint, Immersion Test, 3.5% NaCl.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuliana Simons, Muhammad Khaithir Haidar, Ferdi Pratama, Mikhel Albert John https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pengaruh Komposisi Ragi Untuk Fermentasi Air Nira Aren Terhadap Kualitas Bioetanol Pada Destilasi Sistem Kukus
This study examines the effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) composition and fermentation time on the quality of bioethanol produced from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) sap through a steam-system distillation. Fermentation was carried out using three yeast compositions of 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g, each combined with five fermentation durations of 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. The resulting bioethanol was evaluated based on the distillate volume produced within one hour, the alcohol content, and the pH after fermentation. The results showed that increasing yeast composition and fermentation time tended to increase alcohol content, with the highest alcohol content of 49% obtained at a yeast composition of 30 g and a fermentation time of 120 hours. However, the distillate volume tended to decrease with longer fermentation time due to the depletion of nutrients in the substrate. The pH of the fermented solution decreased from an initial range of 6-7 to 4-5 as fermentation progressed. These findings indicate that yeast composition and fermentation time significantly influence the quality of bioethanol produced through steam distillation. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi ragi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dan waktu fermentasi terhadap kualitas bioetanol yang dihasilkan dari air nira aren (Arenga pinnata) melalui proses destilasi sistem kukus. Fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan tiga variasi komposisi ragi, yaitu 10 gram, 20 gram, dan 30 gram, dengan lama fermentasi masing-masing 24, 48, 72, 96, dan 120 jam. Bioetanol yang dihasilkan dievaluasi berdasarkan volume hasil destilasi selama satu jam, kadar alkohol, dan pH setelah fermentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komposisi ragi dan lama waktu fermentasi cenderung meningkatkan kadar alkohol, dengan kadar alkohol tertinggi sebesar 49% diperoleh pada komposisi ragi 30 gram dan waktu fermentasi 120 jam. Namun demikian, volume hasil destilasi cenderung menurun seiring bertambahnya waktu fermentasi akibat berkurangnya nutrisi dalam substrat. Derajat keasaman (pH) larutan hasil fermentasi menurun dari kisaran awal 6-7 menjadi 4-5 seiring berjalannya proses fermentasi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa komposisi ragi dan waktu fermentasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas bioetanol yang dihasilkan melalui proses destilasi sistem kukus.
bioethanol, sugar palm sap, fermentation, yeast composition, steam distillation
Copyright (c) 2026 Rendy Reinald Mogonta, Tineke Saroinsong, Silvy Dollorossa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Wear Analysis of the Undercarriage Track Link of a Caterpillar D8R Dozer
Undercarriage is a critical system in crawler dozers because it supports machine load and transfers traction forces to the working surface. Track links are continuously exposed to friction, load, impact, and abrasive ground conditions, making wear monitoring important for maintenance planning. This study analyses the dimensional wear of track links on a Caterpillar D8R dozer and compares a Caterpillar track link on the left side with an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) track link on the right side. The study was conducted at TSA Melak Site, Muara Bunyut, West Kutai, Indonesia, from May to June 2024. Data were collected through field observation, dimensional measurement using a depth gauge, and inspection records. The new track link height was 166 mm, and the wear limit was 149 mm. At the latest inspection, the Caterpillar track link height was 152 mm at SMR 46,102, while the OEM track link height was 153 mm at SMR 45,723. The calculated wear-allowance utilisation was 82.35% for the Caterpillar component and 76.47% for the OEM component. Thus, the Caterpillar track link was closer to its dimensional wear limit than the OEM component. The study also shows that recorded CTS indices should not be treated as equivalent to dimensional wear percentages when their calculation parameters are unavailable. The results can support condition-based monitoring and maintenance prioritisation of track link components.
track link, undercarriage, Caterpillar D8R, wear, heavy equipment
Copyright (c) 2026 Fransye Joni Pasau, Veryyon Harahap, Lia Pongsapan, Manaseh, Jodi Setiawan Marjuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pengaruh Kecepatan Putaran Spindle dan Feed Rate terhadap Tingkat Kekasaran Permukaan Material AISI 4140 pada Proses Bubut
Spindle speed and feed rate are factors that significantly influence the turning process in the manufacturing industry. One of the main indicators of turning quality is surface roughness, as it affects the service life, performance, and reliability of machine components. In machining workshop practice, particularly in the turning of AISI 4140 alloy steel, inconsistent surface quality often occurs due to the determination of cutting parameters that still depend on operator experience and have not been technically standardized. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in spindle speed and feed rate on the surface roughness of AISI 4140 material in conventional turning processes and to determine the combination of cutting parameters that produce the most optimal surface roughness value. The research method used is a quantitative method with an experimental approach. The turning process was carried out using a TOS TRENCIN SN 71 C lathe with spindle rotation speed variations of 250 RPM, 360 RPM, and 500 RPM, and feed rate variations of 0.09 mm/rev, 0.16 mm/rev, and 0.23 mm/rev. Other cutting parameters were kept constant, namely a cutting depth of 0.5 mm and the use of Sandvik Coromant carbide insert chisels. Surface roughness measurements were carried out using a TIME 3200 surface roughness tester with Ra parameters. ANOVA analysis showed that feed rate was the most dominant parameter affecting surface roughness (p-value 0.02 < 0.05). The best average surface roughness value obtained was 0.945 µm with a roughness class of N6 using a spindle speed of 500 RPM and a feed rate of 0.09 mm/rev.
Turning, AISI 4140, Spindle Speed, Feed Rate, Surface Roughness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sanwily, Yano Hurung Anoi, Rosmiati, Siti Norhidayah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Utilization of Patchouli Oil Distillation Waste and Rice Husks in Bio-briquette Production as Alternative Fuel, with Patchouli Waste as the Dominant Component
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil distillation waste and rice husk are abundant but underutilized agricultural and agro-industrial residues in Talawaan, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study evaluates the fuel characteristics of biobriquettes prepared from patchouli distillation waste and rice husk at three composition ratios (20:80, 30:70, and 40:60, rice husk to patchouli waste by weight) using tapioca starch as a binder. Proximate parameters, including moisture content, ash content, and volatile matter, were determined at an accredited testing laboratory (Balai Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri, BSPJI, Manado) following SNI 01-6235-2000, while fixed carbon content was calculated by difference and burning rate was measured as the ratio of mass loss to combustion time. Results show that increasing the rice husk proportion decreased moisture content from 19.59% to 14.39% and volatile matter from 43.65% to 38.38%, while ash content increased from 26.73% to 34.44%, likely due to the high silica content of rice husk. The burning rate was comparable for the 20% and 30% rice husk compositions (0.602 and 0.605 g/min, respectively) but decreased at 40% rice husk (0.484 g/min). None of the three compositions met the SNI 01-6235-2000 limits for moisture and ash content (maximum 8% each), although the 30:70 composition performed best overall among the tested variations. These findings complement a companion study on the hydraulic press machine developed for this feedstock blend and provide baseline fuel-quality data for further process optimization.
Bio-briquettes, Patchouli distillation waste, Rice husk, Proximate analysis, Burning rate
Copyright (c) 2026 Vincent Putra Tandiapa, Alfred Noufie Mekel, Artian Sirun, Tineke Saroinsong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Making Biobriquettes from Patchouli and Rice Husks Using Tapioca Flour Glue
The increasing demand for energy and the declining availability of fossil fuel reserves have encouraged the development of renewable energy sources from biomass. One potential alternative is the utilization of agricultural residues as raw materials for biobriquette production. This study aimed to determine the effect of different tapioca starch adhesive concentrations (5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14%) on the quality characteristics of biobriquettes produced from a 50:50 mixture of patchouli distillation waste and rice husk, as well as to identify the optimum adhesive composition. The research employed an experimental quantitative approach in which briquette samples were prepared using different adhesive concentrations and evaluated for moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and combustion rate based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The experimental results revealed that adhesive concentration significantly affected all quality parameters. Moisture content ranged from 11.25% to 14.94%, ash content from 32.54% to 40.28%, volatile matter from 32.04% to 38.14%, and combustion rate from 0.4118 to 0.6094 g/min. Among the tested formulations, the biobriquette containing 12% tapioca adhesive exhibited the most balanced performance, with moisture content of 13.06%, ash content of 34.52%, volatile matter of 36.17%, and a combustion rate of 0.4589 g/min. These findings indicate that a 12% tapioca adhesive concentration provides the optimum composition for producing biobriquettes with favorable combustion characteristics and structural quality, while supporting sustainable agricultural waste utilization as an environmentally friendly alternative energy source.
biobriquette, patchouli distillation waste, rice husk, tapioca starch adhesive, renewable energy
Copyright (c) 2026 Josephine Raphaela, Alferd Noufie Mekel, Tineke Saroinsong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Design of A Grass Chopping Machine For Livestock With A Capacity Of 130 Kg/Hour
The availability of high-quality forage and an efficient supply process are crucial factors in boosting livestock farming productivity. In Village X, grass chopping is still largely performed manually, a process that is time-consuming. This study aims to design and develop a livestock grass chopper with a capacity of 130 kg/hour, determine a suitable transmission system, and calculate the required motor power to ensure effective and efficient machine operation.The study employed a development research methodology, utilizing experimental and engineering design approaches. The machine was designed using a Honda GX160H gasoline engine with a pulley and V-belt transmission system. Production capacity was calculated based on the ratio of the chopped material's mass to the processing time Design results indicate that achieving a capacity of 130 kg/hour requires an engine speed of approximately 2,200 rpm. Calculations show an actual motor power requirement of 2.69 kW; a design power of 4.10 kW (5.5 HP) was selected, providing an adequate safety factor for machine operation. The pulley and V-belt transmission system effectively transfers power, and the Honda GX160H engine meets the operational requirements of the grass chopper. It is concluded that the grass chopper design, with a capacity of 130 kg/hour, meets the technical requirements for small- to medium-scale livestock operations. The designed machine has the potential to improve forage supply efficiency, reduce time and labor requirements, and produce more uniform chopped grass, thereby supporting livestock productivity.
grass chopper, elephant grass, production capacity, transmission system, motor power
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdullah Kafabihi, Lisa Puspita Ariyanto, Dedy Rachman Ardian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Influence of Air Cavity Dimensions and Shape in Briquettes on Their Heat Transfer Capability
Biomass-based fuel in the form of briquettes represents a reliable solution; Indonesia possesses abundant biomass resources that can be utilized as fuel for the public good. Furthermore, the heat output is comparable to that of other fuels, and the manufacturing process is relatively straightforward. This study aimed to determine the heat transfer performance of briquettes featuring air channels, made from a blend of coconut shell charcoal and coconut shell material. Three air channel models were tested—diameters of 20 mm and 31 mm, and a 10x4 mm rectangular channel—using two charcoal-to-shell mixing ratios (200:50 and 200:25) and tapioca starch as a binder. Model II Briquette B demonstrated the best heat transfer performance, taking 12 minutes to boil one liter of water and achieving an ignition efficiency of 78%.
: Briquettes, shell charcoal, air channels.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfred Noufie Mekel, Paul M. Rumagit, Tammy T.V. Pangow, Fransiscus J. Tulung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Effect of Pipeline Length and Number of Fittings on Pressure Drop in a Multi-Line Gas Manifold System at PT. X Laboratory
A gas manifold system is an essential infrastructure in industrial laboratories that distributes gas from storage cylinders to multiple points of use through a piping network. System performance is strongly influenced by pipeline length and the number of fittings, both of which contribute to energy losses during fluid flow and result in pressure drop. Excessive pressure loss may reduce gas supply stability, affect laboratory equipment performance, and decrease distribution efficiency. This study aims to analyze the effects of pipeline length and the number of fittings on pressure drop in a multi-line gas manifold system at PT. X Laboratory, both partially and simultaneously, and to identify the most influential variable. This research employed a quantitative approach using an explanatory observational method. Primary data were collected through field observations and direct measurements using pressure gauges, measuring instruments, observation sheets, and technical documentation. The independent variables were pipeline length (X₁) and the number of fittings (X₂), while the dependent variable was pressure drop (Y). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination with the assistance of SPSS Statistics software. The theoretical framework was based on fluid mechanics principles, including the continuity equation, Bernoulli equation, Darcy–Weisbach equation, and the concepts of major and minor losses. The findings are expected to provide a scientific basis for evaluating piping network configurations, optimizing gas distribution systems, minimizing pressure losses, and improving the reliability and operational efficiency of multi-line gas manifold systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Erixzen ShenaPutra Eswono; Lisa Puspita Ariyanto, Dedy Rachman Ardian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
IoT-Based Archimedes Turbine Monitoring Design
The Archimedes turbine is widely considered for microhydro power plants because it can operate at low head conditions, has a relatively simple construction, and is suitable for canals or small streams. This study aims to design and test an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system to read the voltage, current, and output power of the Archimedes turbine generator. The system uses an INA219 sensor, an ESP32 microcontroller, a Wi-Fi connection, and a Blynk dashboard. Testing was carried out under two conditions, namely no-load and with load. The no-load voltage is in the range of 14.5–15.6 V. After the load is connected, the voltage is in the range of 9.707–10.582 V, the current is 0.228–0.333 A, and the measured power is 2.073–3.511 W. Based on the midpoint of each range, the loading reduces the voltage from 15.050 V to 10.145 V or approximately 32.6%. These results indicate that the monitoring system is capable of recording changes in the generator's electrical characteristics due to loading. However, turbine efficiency evaluation still requires discharge, head, rotation, and torque data, while power consistency needs to be verified using synchronous voltage and current sampling.
Archimedes Turbine; Internet of Things; Power Monitoring; ESP32; Microhydro
Copyright (c) 2026 Shevano E A Gosal, Tineke Saroinsong, Jedithjah N T Papia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Identification and Mitigation of Machining Process Failures in XE 611 SZK Crankshaft through an Integrated FMEA and Pareto Analysis Approach
Kualitas proses pemesinan pada komponen kritis seperti poros engkol memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan kinerja dan keandalan mesin. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab kegagalan dalam proses pemesinan milling dan drilling pada poros engkol XE 611 SZK. Metode penelitian meliputi observasi langsung proses produksi, analisis parameter pemesinan, dan evaluasi kualitas pemesinan melalui inspeksi visual dan pengukuran dimensi. Selain itu, analisis akar penyebab dilakukan menggunakan diagram tulang ikan dan Analisis Mode Kegagalan dan Dampak (FMEA) untuk mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang berkontribusi terhadap kegagalan proses. Selanjutnya, analisis Pareto diterapkan untuk menentukan penyebab utama kegagalan berdasarkan prinsip 80/20. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan pemesinan terutama disebabkan oleh keausan pahat, parameter pemotongan yang tidak tepat (kecepatan potong, laju umpan, dan kedalaman potong), kesalahan pengaturan mesin, dan kinerja sistem pendingin yang suboptimal. Kegagalan ini mengakibatkan cacat permukaan, penyimpangan dimensi, dan peningkatan tingkat penolakan produk. Rekomendasi yang diajukan mencakup optimasi parameter pemesinan, implementasi perawatan preventif untuk mesin dan peralatan, serta peningkatan kontrol kualitas selama proses produksi. Studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemesinan dan mengurangi tingkat kegagalan di industri manufaktur..
pemesinan, penggilingan, pengeboran, kegagalan proses, kualitas produk
Copyright (c) 2026 Ichlas Nur, Rifki Abdul Dhohir, Nasirwan, Nusyirwan4, Yuli Yetri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Studi Komparasi Efisiensi Termal Motor Bakar Bensin dan Diesel dengan Variasi Laju Aliran Bahan Bakar dan Beban Kerja
Internal combustion engines remain the primary power source in transportation and small-medium industries. Gasoline (spark-ignition) and diesel (compression-ignition) engines exhibit different thermal efficiency characteristics due to differences in combustion mechanisms, compression ratios, and fuel properties. This study aims to compare the thermal efficiency of gasoline and diesel engines through variations in fuel flow rate and engine load to determine the optimal operating conditions and efficiency performance. The research method used is a quantitative experimental approach on an engine test bench. A single-cylinder gasoline engine and a single-cylinder diesel engine were tested with four variations of fuel flow rate (0.8–2.2 kg/h) and engine load (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of maximum torque). The observed parameters included brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and exhaust gas temperature. The results showed that diesel engine thermal efficiency ranged from 28.4% to 37.2% (average 33.1%), while gasoline engine efficiency ranged from 22.1% to 29.5% (average 25.8%). The highest efficiency was achieved by the diesel engine at a fuel flow rate of 1.5 kg/h and 75% load. Variation in fuel flow rate and load significantly affected thermal efficiency, with diesel engines demonstrating superior performance under medium-to-high load conditions. This study can serve as a reference for optimizing fuel consumption and developing more efficient internal combustion engines.
gasoline engine, diesel engine, thermal efficiency, fuel flow rate, engine load
Copyright (c) 2026 Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji, Muh Anhar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Simulator Pendeteksi Kerusakan Bearing
Wheel bearings are essential mechanical components that support radial and axial loads while ensuring smooth wheel rotation. Early detection of bearing faults is important to improve vehicle safety, reliability, and maintenance efficiency. This study aims to design and develop a wheel bearing fault detection simulator based on a multi-sensor system integrated with an ESP32 microcontroller. An experimental method was employed through the design, fabrication, and integration of mechanical and electronic systems capable of simulating actual bearing operating conditions. The mechanical system consists of a 1-phase AC motor with a maximum speed of 3000 rpm, a pulley-belt transmission, a rotating shaft, and a wheel test assembly. The electronic system integrates an SW-420 vibration sensor, MAX4466 sound sensor, MLX90614 infrared temperature sensor, Hall effect sensor for rotational speed measurement, LCD 20×4 display, and a data logger for real-time monitoring and automatic data recording. The simulator was designed using Autodesk Fusion 360 before being fabricated and assembled into a functional prototype. The developed system successfully integrates all components to simultaneously measure, display, and record vibration, sound, temperature, and rotational speed data during bearing operation. The proposed simulator is expected to provide a reliable experimental platform for future studies on wheel bearing condition monitoring, fault diagnosis, and the development of intelligent predictive maintenance systems
bearing fault detection, bearing simulator.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sutan Dzaky H.N, Nurhadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Putaran Engine Terhadap Nilai Performansi Engine Liebherr D9512
Diesel engine is one type of engine that is very suitable for use in heavy equipment transportation because it has a large performance value (torque and power). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of engine speed variations on the performance value of the Liebherr D9512 Engine. Data collection was carried out when the engine was operated using a Power Test Dynamometer 35X05 test tool. The results of the tests carried out showed that variations in engine speed will affect the performance value. At 1100 RPM engine speed the torque value is 2204 N.m on the remanufactured dynotest results and 2211 N.m on the factory dynotest results. At 1500 RPM engine speed the torque value is 3489 N.m and 3496 N.m on the factory dynotest results. At 2000 RPM engine speed the torque value is 2754 N.m and 2883 N.m on the factory dynotest results. On the other hand, variations in engine speed also affect the engine power value. Test data at 1100 RPM engine speed, the power value is 253 KW on the remanufacture dynotest results and 268 KW on the factory dynotest results. At 1500 RPM engine speed, the power value is 520 KW and 523 KW on the factory dynotest results. At 2000 RPM engine speed, the power value of the remanufacture dynotest and factory dynotest is the same, namely 565 KW.
Engine speed, Dynotest, Engine performance
Copyright (c) 2026 Puji Saksono, Agil Ramadhan Saputra, Marsius Ferdnian, Ella Qurrotu Aini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analisa Pengaruh Tingkat Kontaminasi Oli Terhadap Kinerja Sistem Hidrolik Alat Berat Scissorlift Genie Gs-1930 E-Drive
The hydraulic system of the Genie GS-1930 E-Drive Scissor Lift plays a crucial role in the platform lifting process and is significantly influenced by hydraulic oil quality. Oil contamination can lead to reduced system efficiency, elevated operating temperatures, and sluggish actuator response. This study aims to analyze the impact of oil contamination levels on hydraulic system performance using a field-observation-based Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) approach. A quantitative descriptive method was employed, involving the visual assessment of oil conditions (color, clarity, and viscosity) alongside measurements of system pressure, oil temperature, and actuator response time. Data collection was conducted over a four-week period on a single Scissor Lift unit operating at PT. X. The study results are expected to demonstrate that increased oil contamination negatively affects hydraulic system performance. Furthermore, changes in the oil's visual characteristics can serve as early indicators to support more effective and cost-efficient preventive maintenance
Hydraulic Oil Contamination, Hydraulic System, Genie GS-1930 E-Drive Scissor Lift, Condition-Based Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatmah Nuril, Achmad Haqqul Yaqin, Lisa Puspita Ariyanto, Merlyanalinda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analisa Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Dan Holding Time Pemanasan Induksi Terhadap Morfologi Dan Sifat Mekanik Baja Sup 9A
This study evaluates the effects of varying temperatures (850°C, 900°C, 950°C) and holding times (2, 7, 12 minutes) during induction heating on the microstructure, decarburization depth, and microhardness (Vickers) of SUP 9A spring steel. The experimental method involved induction heat treatment using combinations of these parameters, Vickers microhardness testing at 11 points per specimen, and microstructural analysis via metallographic microscopy at 500× magnification; data were analyzed descriptively and, where necessary, using the One-Way ANOVA statistical test. The results indicate that short holding times (2–7 minutes) maintained high hardness values ​​(~323–327 HV) without significant decarburization, whereas a 12-minute holding time resulted in a significant decrease in hardness (~284–286 HV) accompanied by an increase in decarburization depth to 0.08–0.11 mm; the dominant microstructure remained ferrite-pearlite under the tested conditions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatmah Nuril, Ahmad Muqorrobin, Lisa Puspita Ariyanto, Merlyanalinda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analysis of the Causes of Cracks in 5-Inch Drill Pipes in the Raisis Rig Work Area
Oil and gas drilling operations require highly durable equipment, one of which is the drill pipe. Drill pipes serve as a connection between the surface and the drill bit at the bottom of the well, and also function as a circulation channel for drilling fluids. During operational processes, drill pipes are prone to damage such as cracking due to repeated loads, material fatigue, and extreme environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the causes, impacts, and control of cracking in 5-inch drill pipes at the Rig Raisis worksite. The method used in this study is Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) using the Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) technique on three drill pipe samples. The test results showed that the three 5-inch drill pipe samples, which had been used for 2000 hours, were found to have cracks. These cracks were located at the tool joint section of the pipe. The type of crack found was longitudinal cracking, which is typically an indication of material fatigue (fatigue failure) and stress due to repeated loads (cyclic loading). The analysis revealed that the factors causing the cracking include material quality, excessive operational loads, environmental corrosion, and lack of regular inspections. The impact of drill pipe cracking is significant, including increased non-productive time (NPT), costs of repair or replacement, and safety risks. Crack control requires routine inspections, pipe rotation, monitoring of operating parameters, and workforce training. Proper control can extend the service life of drill pipe and maintain operational efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sadat N S Sidabutar , Tohap Prianto Gultom, Patunru Ponky, Lia Pongsapan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Comparative Analysis Study of Corrosion Rate on the Surface of 1100-0 Aluminum Plate Material Using Epoxy Paint Inhibitor Diton 9120 Primer Grey in Seawater Solution K3Fe 9.0%, NaOH 4.76%
Corrosion is a material whose process is slow. Various factors can influence corrosion, including the environment of the metal mixture and others. Aluminum is easily formed, can be forged into sheets, drawn into wires, and extruded into rods with various cross-sectional shapes. Inhibitors are generally chemical substances. The use of three different types of solutions has a significant effect on the corrosion rate on the surface of the 1100-0 aluminum plate. HCl solution shows the highest level of corrosivity because it is a strong acid that can dissolve the protective oxide layer of aluminum, thereby accelerating the electrochemical reaction and significantly increasing the corrosion rate. The use of inhibitors in the form of epoxy paint is necessary to protect the surface of 1100-0 aluminum because this material is susceptible to corrosion when directly exposed to acidic, oxidative, or basic solutions. Epoxy paint functions as an effective barrier layer to prevent direct contact between the aluminum surface and the corrosive environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuliana Simons, Fransye Joni Pasau, Muhammad Syarif, Yosua Lau Yalla, Dwi Yusprasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Perancangan Model Turbin Air Dengan Sistem Sirkulasi Tertutup
Modern society is very closely related to technological advances, with community technologycan easily meet energy needs, one example is the electrical energy processing of energy conversion machines using turbine energy. The purpose of this design as a problem solving faced in areas with no stream or waterfall to make a water turbine with closed circulation model. The methodology in this design is an experiment that is supported by the 2010 autocad program. From the design results obtained turbine power of 1.56 watts with a tank as a benchmark design and the use of the pump (positive displacement pump) as a means of circulation
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh Anhar, Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Rancang Bangun Mesin CNC Painting Berbasis Mach 3
This study presents the design and development of a CNC Painting machine based on Mach3 software, aimed at enabling automated Painting processes with controlled and uniform results. The project was motivated by the need for a system that can replace manual Painting methods, reduce operator dependency, and ensure consistent coating quality. The methodology involved the mechanical design of the X, Y, and Z axes, the integration of a pneumatic system to actuate the spray gun trigger, and the implementation of a Mach3-based control system to regulate stepper motor movements according to programmed trajectories. Comprehensive testing was conducted on all subsystems, including mechanical axis motion and spray functionality. The experimental results demonstrate that the machine is capable of operating across all axes and performing Painting tasks effectively. The pneumatic trigger mechanism responded reliably to program commands, enabling fully automated Painting operations. In conclusion, the CNC Painting machine developed in this project successfully achieved its intended function and shows potential for applications requiring repetitive Painting tasks with consistent outcomes
Copyright (c) 2026 Rudi Kristianto, Y AstomoD.S, Chatarina Adjeng Aprilliasari, Benedictus Bimo Kurniawan, Dionicius Wijang Fenandy Esa, Muhammad Rosyid Wijaya, Reza Andhika Sudiyoko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pengaruh Pembersihan Biogas Menggunakan Larutan NaOH terhadap Performa Motor Bensin: Studi Komparatif RPM, Torsi, Konsumsi Bahan Bakar, dan Emisi Gas Buang
This study investigates the effect of biogas purification using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution on the performance of a four-stroke gasoline engine. Biogas is a promising renewable energy source, but the presence of contaminants such as CO₂, H₂S, and water vapour reduces its calorific value and can cause corrosion in engine components. In this research, biogas is purified using NaOH solution with four concentration levels (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%), and then supplied to a gasoline engine as an alternative fuel. The measured parameters include engine speed (RPM), torque, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), exhaust gas temperature, and exhaust emissions (CO, CO₂, HC, O₂) under several load conditions. The results indicate that a NaOH concentration of 20% is optimal, reducing CO₂ content by about 70% and significantly increasing CH₄ purity, which leads to an improvement in torque by approximately 8–12% and a reduction in BSFC compared to untreated biogas. Furthermore, the purified biogas lowers CO and HC emissions and slightly reduces CO₂ emissions relative to raw biogas, demonstrating better combustion quality and environmental performance while maintaining engine operation that is comparable to gasoline fuel.
biogas, NaOH purification, four-stroke gasoline engine, engine performance, exhaust gas emissions
Copyright (c) 2026 Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pengaruh Kecepatan Potong dan Kecepatan Pemakanan terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Baja ST42 pada Proses Pembubutan Konvensional
This study analyses the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on the surface roughness produced during the turning of ST42 carbon steel. The experiments were conducted using a conventional lathe with ST42 steel specimens of 30 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The machining parameters were varied at cutting speeds of 100–500 rpm, feed rates of 2.25–2.50 mm/rev, and depths of cut of 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm. Surface roughness measurements were performed using a Mitutoyo SJ-310 surface roughness tester. The results indicate that increasing the cutting speed reduces surface roughness, whereas increasing the feed rate leads to higher surface roughness values. The lowest surface roughness value of 3.792 µm was obtained at a cutting speed of 500 rpm, a feed rate of 2.25 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 2.5 mm
ST42 steel; conventional turning; cutting speed; feed rate; surface roughness
Copyright (c) 2026 Budha Maryanti, Fransye Joni Pasau, Veryyon Harahap, Lia Pongsapan, Renaldi Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Effect of Varying Mixtures of Distilled Water and Mineral Water in Electrolyte Solution on Battery Voltage
Accumulator/battery is a type of battery that is widely used for motorized vehicles. Motorcycle batteries are generally divided into two types, namely wet batteries and dry batteries. Inside a wet battery there is a liquid called electrolyte, this electrolyte is made from acid and water. However, the acid content produced is sometimes not the same due to the inappropriate selection of the water mixture used. The aim of this research is to find out the most effective electrolyte mixture for battery voltage performance by comparing the use of distilled water and mineral water. This research method is experimental by comparing variations in electrolyte solutions in two batteries with a capacity of 35Ah and 45Ah. The output used for comparison is the measurement of the voltage value produced by the two batteries being tested. Testing was carried out within a period of 15 minutes to 120 minutes before and after charging. Measurements on a car with a capacity of 1200 cc with a rotation of 1000 rpm to 3000 rpm, the electrolyte solution in distilled water obtained a higher voltage value than mineral water, with the voltage during the first pour after 120 minutes being 12.9 volts and after being charged it rose to 13.6 volts. The conclusion of this research is that for long-term use, distilled water electrolyte is better than mineral water electrolyte which heats up easily when used for long periods of time and at high rpm.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Norhidayah, Hildar Saputra, Yano Hurung Anoi, Ratnawati Ratnawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Perawatan Dan Perbaikan Fruit Elevator Pabrik Kelapa Sawit
The palm oil plantation and processing industry is a key industry for Indonesia's economy. Palm oil exports are an important source of foreign exchange earnings, and this industry provides employment opportunities for millions of Indonesians. According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, the total area of palm oil plantations in Indonesia currently reaches around 8 million hectares, twice the area in the early 2000s, with around 30% located on the island of Kalimantan. In an analysis of the factors affecting Indonesia's palm oil exports (Ditjenbun, 2018). This research method is a qualitative research that emphasizes more on the process and results, how a treatment and care occurs and how to handle it effectively. Conclusion, Preventive maintenance is carried out on bucket bolts, bucket chains, transmission chains, and buckets. Preventive corrective maintenance is carried out on gearboxes, transmission chains, sprocket bearings, buckets, and bucket chains. Preventive breakdown maintenance is carried out during the replacement of bucket chains, sprocket bearings, and transmission gears. There are various types of damage that commonly occur in Fruit Elevators, including: damage to buckets, sprocket bearings, gearboxes, oil seals, and bucket chains. The causes of damage generally come from wear and tear, lack of lubrication, or mechanical wear due to high workload. Daily, weekly, monthly, and annual maintenance has been carried out with respective procedures such as lubrication, component checks, replacement of spare parts, and overhaul. The implementation of this maintenance schedule has proven effective in reducing the frequency of damage. Component replacement history data shows that components such as liners, sprockets, buckets, and gearboxes have the highest damage rates, thus requiring special attention and periodic monitoring to prevent repeated damage.
Keywords: Fruit Elevator, Preventive Maintenance, corrective maintenance, overhaul
Copyright (c) 2025 Ismael Marjuki, Epriyandi Epriyandi, Rafly Miftakhul Sasti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Analisisi Penelitian Performansi Pompa Air Pada Divisi Persemaian Di Kalimantan Timur
The engine pump is used to move fluids by converting mechanical energy into fluid energy and pressure, then transporting the fluid through the piping system. The use of pumps to meet clean water needs. The method with the working principle or how the pump flows fluids or provides fluid power, the results of the study show that the pump capacity with a water discharge of 15 L / m, the total head is 4.807 m, and after knowing the curve where there is an increase in pressure at the outlet (discharge pressure) there will be a decrease in the amount of flow and the higher the amount of flow that comes out, the higher the pressure capacity of the fluid. In the demin water transfer pump, it is known that the available NPSH (6.7 meters) is greater than the required NPSH (6.2 meters), so the pump can. So to fill the water reservoir at the Permanent Nursery Service, the pump operates for 8.5 hours per day. Data analysis and discussion can be concluded that the pump capacity with a water discharge of 15 L/m, the total head is 4.807 m, In the demin water transfer pump it is known that the available NPSH (6.7 meters) is greater than the required NPSH (6.2 meters), so the pump can work without experiencing cavitation. So to meet the needs of the water reservoir in the Permanent Nursery Division, the pump operates for 8-5 hours per day.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marsius Ferdnian,Fransye Joni Pasau
Analisa Performa Dessicant Dehumidifier Terhadap Bukaan Damper Pre-Cooling Dengan 10 – 100% Bukaan Pada Aplikasi Clean Room PT Marin Liza Farmasi
Indonesia is a country that has a tropical climate, so the content of water vapour in the air is very high, therefore many industrial products are damaged due to high humidity, such as products with hygroscopic material characteristics, for example powder products, medicine tablets, sugar, fertilisers or products with other similar applications. The product will experience clumping so that the resulting product quality is not optimal. On the other hand, high air humidity in a controlled room is certainly very detrimental to the continuity of the production process as well as in clean room applications. Effervescent’s production room at PT Marin Liza Farmasi is an example of a clean room with temperature and RH controlled at 23°C and a water vapour content of 3.47 g/kg with RH less than 20%. If the temperature and water vapour content are not met, production cannot be carried out. The room is positively pressurised with 1177 CFM of fresh air. Damper in pre-cooling is a part that is very influential on the performance of desiccant dehumidifier. Pre-cooling dampers with openings of 10% - 100% openings will affect the value of the bypass factor and air contact factor against the evaporator cooling coil on the pre-cooling AHU, this will also affect the amount of water vapor partial pressure which is influenced by the large temperature coming out of the pre-cooling AHU due to the influence of the evaporator coil temperature. Each damper opening will be tried and analyzed to get the best water vapor content out of the dehumidifier without disturbing the performance of other systems. The damper openings selected for the Effervescent production clean room project at PT Marin Liza Farmasi are the 50% and 60% openings that produce the best dehumidifier performance without interfering with the performance of other systems, which at these openings produce a dehumidifier outlet water vapor content of 1.12 g/kg at the 50% opening with a bypass factor in pre-cooling of 12.26% and 1.2 g/kg at the 60% opening with a bypass factor in pre cooling of 12.90%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ade Maulana, Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Pirolisis terhadap Karakteristik Bio-Oil dari Limbah Batang Tembakau sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif
Limbah batang tembakau memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku alternatif untuk produksi bio-oil melalui pirolisis. Pirolisis adalah metode termokimia yang mengubah biomassa menjadi bio-oil, biochar, dan gas pirolitik, dengan suhu yang berbeda memengaruhi karakteristik produk. Namun, kualitas bio-oil yang dihasilkan bergantung pada parameter proses, terutama suhu pirolisis, yang memengaruhi tingkat pH, Total Padatan Terlarut (TDS), dan kadar alkohol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi suhu pirolisis terhadap karakteristik bio-oil yang berasal dari limbah batang tembakau guna mengoptimalkan pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan suhu pirolisis 290°C, 390°C, dan 490°C selama 60 menit, kemudian dianalisis sifat bio-oil melalui pengukuran pH, TDS, dan kadar alkohol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu pirolisis menyebabkan peningkatan keasaman bio-oil, yang membatasi penggunaannya pada mesin konvensional namun membuatnya cocok untuk pembakaran langsung di boiler. Tingkat TDS meningkat hingga suhu 390°C sebelum sedikit menurun pada 490°C, yang mengindikasikan degradasi termal senyawa terlarut pada suhu tinggi. Selain itu, kadar alkohol dalam bio-oil menurun seiring meningkatnya suhu pirolisis karena volatilitas yang lebih besar pada tingkat panas yang tinggi. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mengenai karakteristik bio-oil dari pirolisis batang tembakau, yang dapat menjadi referensi dalam mengoptimalkan teknologi konversi biomassa untuk aplikasi energi yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.
Bio-oil, Karakteristik bahan bakar, Pirolisis, Suhu pirolisis, Limbah batang tembakau
Copyright (c) 2025 Bagus Dwi Kurniawan, Asroful Abidin , Kosjoko
Desain dan Analisis Pengujian Statik pada Chassis Mobil Golf Menggunakan Software Solidworks
Perkembangan kendaraan listrik sebagai solusi transportasi ramah lingkungan mendorong inovasi dalam desain kendaraan ringan, termasuk mobil golf yang digunakan di lingkungan terbatas seperti kampus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis chassis mobil golf yang sesuai untuk digunakan di lingkungan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember. Desain dilakukan dengan tipe ladder frame menggunakan dua jenis material baja karbon rendah, yaitu AISI 1015 dan AISI 1020. Proses desain dan simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software SolidWorks 2018 dengan fokus pada tiga parameter utama: tegangan (stress), perpindahan (displacement), dan faktor keamanan (Factor of Safety/FOS). Desain chassis diuji menggunakan beban statik yang merepresentasikan penumpang dan komponen kendaraan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa desain terbaik diperoleh pada material baja AISI 1020, yang menghasilkan nilai tegangan maksimum sebesar 111,924N/mm², displacement maksimum 0,934mm, dan FOS sebesar 3,1. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan desain dan material sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa struktural chassis, serta menegaskan bahwa SolidWorks dapat digunakan secara efektif untuk simulasi awal dalam pengembangan kendaraan ringan.
chassis mobil golf, SolidWorks, AISI 1015, AISI 1020, stress, displacement, factor of safety
Copyright (c) 2025 Gilang Purnawan, Nely Ana Mufarida, Kosjoko, Nurhalim
Perancangan Mesin Pengolah Sampah Plastik Jenis Polyehthylene Terephthalate (PET) Menjadi Biji Plastik Dengan Metode Ekstrusi
A plastic extrusion machine is a tool that can be used to process plastic waste into plastic pellets which can be reused to produce plastic products. Therefore, learning and applying these tools is useful for reprocessing plastic waste which is currently increasing. However, it is a shame that the tools currently on the market are relatively uneconomical for institutional scale processing, because the majority of tools on the market are intended for industrial scale. The output of this design produces a prototype tool with dimensions of 1005x350x830 mm and a capacity of 376 grams/hour. Maximum total energy consumption is less than 1 kW. The design of this plastic extrusion machine uses a screw conveyor, a 200Watt band heater and has 2 functions in 1 machine. The first function is to extrude chopped PET plastic and the second function is to cut the extrusion product so that the output of this machine is plastic pellets.
Plastic Extrusion, Design, PET Waste, Plastic Seeds, Waste treatment
Copyright (c) 2025 Devi Eka Septiyani Arifin, Rudy Yuni Widiatmoko, Muhammad Ihda Alwan