Studi Komparasi Efisiensi Termal Motor Bakar Bensin dan Diesel dengan Variasi Laju Aliran Bahan Bakar dan Beban Kerja

Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji; Muh Anhar

doi:10.52158/jamere.v6i2.1643

Authors

Yudhi Chandra Dwiaji Universitas Mercubuana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-4498
Muh Anhar Politeknik Negeri Ketapang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-6690

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52158/jamere.v6i2.1643

Keywords:

gasoline engine, diesel engine, thermal efficiency, fuel flow rate, engine load

Abstract

Internal combustion engines remain the primary power source in transportation and small-medium industries. Gasoline (spark-ignition) and diesel (compression-ignition) engines exhibit different thermal efficiency characteristics due to differences in combustion mechanisms, compression ratios, and fuel properties. This study aims to compare the thermal efficiency of gasoline and diesel engines through variations in fuel flow rate and engine load to determine the optimal operating conditions and efficiency performance. The research method used is a quantitative experimental approach on an engine test bench. A single-cylinder gasoline engine and a single-cylinder diesel engine were tested with four variations of fuel flow rate (0.8–2.2 kg/h) and engine load (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of maximum torque). The observed parameters included brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and exhaust gas temperature. The results showed that diesel engine thermal efficiency ranged from 28.4% to 37.2% (average 33.1%), while gasoline engine efficiency ranged from 22.1% to 29.5% (average 25.8%). The highest efficiency was achieved by the diesel engine at a fuel flow rate of 1.5 kg/h and 75% load. Variation in fuel flow rate and load significantly affected thermal efficiency, with diesel engines demonstrating superior performance under medium-to-high load conditions. This study can serve as a reference for optimizing fuel consumption and developing more efficient internal combustion engines.

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